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"To" ou "for"? Como usar essas
preposições?
04/20/10
Você fica na dúvida, às vezes, de como usar as preposições
"to" e "for"?
Como você completaria os espaços
abaixo?
"Last week I sent a letter _____ Jim. He said ___ me,
last month, that he had bought a present ____ me. But, in fact I haven't received anything yet,
that's why I wrote a letter ___ him. I also wrote a poem ____ him. I haven't sent it, yet. I
will send the poem ___ Jim when I receive the present he sent ___ me. Because I know what the present
is, and the poem is about the present. Jim does nice things ____ me, he is always thinking of me.
He does lots of favors ___ me, too. When I was on vacation he paid the veterinarian's bill
___ me - now I need to pay him back. I will send the money ___ his account, through the
Internet. ___ me, Jim is a great friend, because he is always there ___ me! I am always there
____ him, too!"
Have you completed it?
Quanto mais você praticar inglês, melhor seu inglês vai ficar! That goes without
saying, right? Aproveite esta oportunidade para fazer exercícios, checar as respostas e
tirar dúvidas. Caso você não tenha ainda completado o exercício acima (já enviado a você por email,
se você for um assinante LEP-Nuts), complete agora, estude as explicações abaixo, e
depois confira suas respostas no final da página.
Now the
explanation:
To é usado quando se expressa comunicação, ação
direta, geralmente física. Enviei aquela carta para você - no sentido de que você é o
destinatário e a carta vai chegar em suas mãos, é ação física direta a você - "I sent a letter to you."
For é usado quando se expressa intenção,
consideração, opinião. Quando algo é feito em nome de, ou no lugar de alguém, por
alguém ou pela intenção de alguém ou de algo. Enviei aquela carta para você - no sentido de
"por você", "em seu lugar" (fui ao Correio e envie a carta por você, fiz algo
por você) - "I sent that letter for you, so you
don't need to go to the Post Office now."
Dica para memorizar:
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For =
intenção, consideração, opinião
To =
ação
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Fechei as portas para você = I closed the doors for you (intenção, fiz
"por você") INTENÇÃO, CONSIDERAÇÃO
BUT :
I closed the
doors to you , significa que fechei as
portas para você não entrar mais -- ('para você, as portas
estão fechadas') -- um ato direto a
você.
Intenção - I am preparing
a LEP-Nuts for you... = I am "thinking" of you, it's in
"consideration" of you.
AÇÃO - And I am sending
it to
you ... = Now there is
action toward someone or something. There is movement.
First I think of you
(consideration, and use for) then I send something to you (direct action, use
to).
INTENÇÃO
- What else can LEP do for you?
= When LEP does things, LEP is
considering you (o que LEP pode fazer por
você?
AÇÃO
- What can I
provide to my
subscribers? = I provide something directly to someone. I do something - it's action, not only
intention.
INTENÇÃO -
I can't speak for my neighbors, but I think this whole
neighborhood needs some
improvement. (não posso falar pelos meus vizinhos, em nome
deles...)
AÇÃO -
I can't speak to my neighbors about this... they don't care
about the neighborhood.
(não consigo falar com meus vizinhos sobre isso... ação direta de falar algo
para alguém).
Now... check out your "to"s and "for"s in the quiz
above, and see how many you did right!
How did you fill in the spaces below?
("to" or "for"?)
"Last week I sent a letter to Jim. (physical action
toward someone) He said to me, (physical action toward
someone) last month, that he had bought a
present for me. (consideration, he was
thinking of me when he bought the
present) But, in fact I haven't received anything yet, that's
why I wrote a letter to
him (physical action toward someone). I also wrote a poem for him. (mental attitude,
consideration, I was thinking of
him when I wrote the poem). I haven't sent it, yet. I will send the
poem to Jim (physical action
toward someone) when I receive the present he
sent to me (physical action
toward someone). Because I know what the present is, and the poem
is about the present. Jim does nice things
for me, (thinking of me,
in consideration of me) he is always thinking of me. He does lots of
favors to me,
too. (things he does are direct action toward
me). When I was on vacation he paid the veterinarian's
bill for me - (he did it on my behalf, in consideration of
me) now I need to pay him back. I will send the money
to his account, (physical action
toward someone) through the
Internet. For me, ( in my opinion, abstract, not action) Jim is a great friend,
because he is always there for
me! (consideration) I
am always there for him,
too!" (consideration,
abstraction, not action)
Challenge yourself a little more, you can do
it!
* What's the right job (for or to) you?
* These people are not good (for or to)
me.
* This muffin is (for or to) you!
* (For or To) me, this is much easier
now.
Remember:
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For =
intenção, consideração, opinião
To = ação
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Dúvidas de gramática, cultura, expressões idiomáticas
em inglês?
Drop me a line
at:
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LEP-Nuts é uma cortesia
de Live English
Program .